Lower jaw over growth, medically known as mandibular prognathism or prognathia, is a condition where the lower jaw (mandible) protrudes beyond the upper jaw (maxilla). This can result in a noticeable facial imbalance and can affect chewing, speech, and overall oral health. Here are some key points about the condition:
Causes
- Genetic Factors: Inherited traits from parents can lead to jaw discrepancies.
- Growth Disorders: Conditions like acromegaly (excess growth hormone) can cause abnormal jaw growth.
- Developmental Issues: Disruptions during jaw development in childhood can result in overgrowth.
Symptoms
- Misalignment of the teeth (malocclusion)
- Difficulty biting and chewing
- Speech difficulties
- Facial asymmetry or an elongated face appearance
- Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) discomfort or pain
Diagnosis
- Clinical Examination: An orthodontist will assess the jaw and teeth alignment.
- X-rays: Imaging helps visualise the bone structure and growth patterns.
- Cephalometric Analysis: A specialised x-ray to evaluate the jaw and skull alignment.
- 3D Imaging: Advanced scans for precise measurement and planning.
Treatment Options
- Orthodontic Treatment: Braces or other devices can help align teeth but may be limited if the jaw growth is significant.
- Orthognathic Surgery: Surgical intervention to reposition the jaw bones, often combined with orthodontic treatment before and after surgery.
- Growth Modulation Therapy: In children and adolescents, treatments to guide jaw growth can be effective if detected early.
Prognosis and Management
- Early detection and treatment during childhood or adolescence offer the best outcomes.
- For adults, a combination of surgery and orthodontics is usually required.
- Regular follow-ups with dental and medical professionals ensure proper management and adjustment of treatment plans as needed.
If you suspect you have mandibular prognathism, consult with an orthodontist or maxillofacial surgeon to discuss potential treatment plans tailored to your specific condition.
